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  • Understanding Syntax
    Understanding Syntax

    Assuming no prior grammatical knowledge, Understanding Syntax explains and illustrates the major concepts, categories and terminology involved in the study of cross-linguistic syntax.Taking a largely theory-neutral and descriptive viewpoint throughout, this book:• introduces syntactic typology, syntactic description and the major typological categories found in the languages of the world;• clarifies with examples grammatical constructions and relationships between words in a clause, including word classes and their syntactic properties; grammatical relations such as subject and object; case and agreement processes; passives and other valency-changing processes; questions and relative clauses;• features in-text and chapter-end exercises to extend the reader’s knowledge of syntactic concepts and argumentation, drawing on data from over 100 languages;• highlights the principles involved in writing a brief syntactic sketch of language. This sixth edition has been revised to include updated further readings, improved examples and exercises, and additional explanations of the most demanding concepts. Understanding Syntax is an essential textbook for students studying the description of language, cross-linguistic syntax, language typology and linguistic fieldwork, and will be the foundation for all studies of theoretical syntax.

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  • Understanding Syntax
    Understanding Syntax

    Assuming no prior grammatical knowledge, Understanding Syntax explains and illustrates the major concepts, categories and terminology involved in the study of cross-linguistic syntax.Taking a largely theory-neutral and descriptive viewpoint throughout, this book:• introduces syntactic typology, syntactic description and the major typological categories found in the languages of the world;• clarifies with examples grammatical constructions and relationships between words in a clause, including word classes and their syntactic properties; grammatical relations such as subject and object; case and agreement processes; passives and other valency-changing processes; questions and relative clauses;• features in-text and chapter-end exercises to extend the reader’s knowledge of syntactic concepts and argumentation, drawing on data from over 100 languages;• highlights the principles involved in writing a brief syntactic sketch of language. This sixth edition has been revised to include updated further readings, improved examples and exercises, and additional explanations of the most demanding concepts. Understanding Syntax is an essential textbook for students studying the description of language, cross-linguistic syntax, language typology and linguistic fieldwork, and will be the foundation for all studies of theoretical syntax.

    Price: 135.00 £ | Shipping*: 0.00 £
  • Understanding Syntax
    Understanding Syntax

    Assuming no prior grammatical knowledge, Understanding Syntax explains and illustrates the major concepts, categories and terminology involved in the study of cross-linguistic syntax.Taking a theory-neutral and descriptive viewpoint throughout, this book: introduces syntactic typology, syntactic description and the major typological categories found in the languages of the world; clarifies with examples grammatical constructions and relationships between words in a clause, including word classes and their syntactic properties; grammatical relations such as subject and object; case and agreement processes; passives; questions and relative clauses; features in-text and chapter-end exercises to extend the reader’s knowledge of syntactic concepts and argumentation, drawing on data from over 100 languages; highlights the principles involved in writing a brief syntactic sketch of language. This fifth edition has been revised and updated to include extended exercises in all chapters, updated further readings, and more extensive checklists for students.Accompanying e-resources have also been updated to include hints for instructors and additional links to further reading. Understanding Syntax is an essential textbook for students studying the description of language, cross-linguistic syntax, language typology and linguistic fieldwork.

    Price: 43.99 £ | Shipping*: 0.00 £
  • Introducing Syntax
    Introducing Syntax

    Syntax is the system of rules that we subconsciously follow when we build sentences.Whereas the grammar of English (or other languages) might look like a rather chaotic set of arbitrary patterns, linguistic science has revealed that these patterns can actually be understood as the result of a small number of grammatical principles.This lively introductory textbook is designed for undergraduate students in linguistics, English and modern languages with relatively little background in the subject, offering the necessary tools for the analysis of phrases and sentences while at the same time introducing state-of-the-art syntactic theory in an accessible and engaging way.Guiding students through a variety of intriguing puzzles, striking facts and novel ideas, Introducing Syntax presents contemporary insights into syntactic theory in one clear and coherent narrative, avoiding unnecessary detail and enabling readers to understand the rationale behind technicalities.Aids to learning include highlighted key terms, suggestions for further reading and numerous exercises, placing syntax in a broader grammatical perspective.

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  • What does the syntax error "invalid syntax" mean in Python?

    The syntax error "invalid syntax" in Python means that the code does not follow the correct structure or rules of the Python language. This error typically occurs when there is a mistake in the way the code is written, such as missing parentheses, quotation marks, or colons, or using incorrect indentation. It indicates that the Python interpreter was unable to understand the code due to these syntax errors, and the code needs to be corrected before it can be executed successfully.

  • What is the difference between Syntax 1 and Syntax 2?

    Syntax 1 refers to the structure and rules of a specific programming language, such as Python or JavaScript. It includes the correct use of keywords, punctuation, and other elements to form valid code. Syntax 2, on the other hand, can refer to the structure and rules of a natural language, such as English or Spanish. It includes the correct arrangement of words, phrases, and clauses to form grammatically correct sentences. While Syntax 1 is specific to programming languages, Syntax 2 applies to natural languages.

  • Where is the syntax error?

    The syntax error is in the line of code that is causing the issue. It could be a missing semicolon, a misplaced parenthesis, or an incorrect keyword. The syntax error prevents the code from being parsed and executed properly by the compiler or interpreter. It is important to carefully review the code and identify the specific line where the syntax error is occurring in order to fix it.

  • What is a syntax error?

    A syntax error is an error in the structure of a program's code that prevents it from being parsed and executed by the computer. It occurs when the code does not follow the correct syntax rules of the programming language, such as missing a semicolon, using incorrect indentation, or using an invalid keyword. Syntax errors are typically caught by the compiler or interpreter before the program is run, and they must be fixed in order for the program to be executed successfully.

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  • Syntax - Semantics Interface
    Syntax - Semantics Interface

    Syntax-Semantics Interface is a collection of papers written by leading Czech linguist Eva Hajicová between 1973 and 2014 that draw on the theoretical framework of the functional generative description proposed by Petr Sgall in the early 1960s and developed since.The book reflects Hajicová’s research contributions to four main domains: the specification of underlying (deep) sentence structure (analyzed in terms of dependency relations); the information structure of the sentence (topic-focus articulation) and its relation to the specification of presupposition and negation and to other related phenomena; the building of a scheme for an annotated corpus of Czech to serve, among other things, in the verification of theoretical linguistic claims; and some fundamental aspects of discourse structure, namely the concept of the hierarchy of elements in the stock of knowledge shared by speaker and hearer.Through new introductory statements, Hajicová also compares her original findings with current state-of-the-art of linguistic theory at home and abroad.

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  • Smuggling in Syntax
    Smuggling in Syntax

    One of the fundamental properties of human language is movement, where a constituent moves from one position in a sentence to another position.Syntactic theory has long been concerned with properties of movement, including locality restrictions. Smuggling in Syntax investigates how different movement operations interact with one another, focusing on the special case of smuggling.First introduced by volume editor Chris Collins in 2005, the term 'smuggling' refers to a specific type of movement interaction.The contributions in this volume each describe different areas where smuggling derivations play a role, including passives, causatives, adverb placement, the dative alternation, the placement of measure phrases, wh-in-situ, and word order in ergative languages.The volume also addresses issues like the freezing constraint on movement and the acquisition of smuggling derivations by children. In this work, Adriana Belletti and Chris Collins bring together leading syntacticians to present a range of contributions on different aspects of smuggling.Tackling fundamental theoretical questions with empirical consequences, this volume explores one of the least understood types of movement and points the way toward new research.

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  • Adventures in English Syntax
    Adventures in English Syntax

    For anyone who wants to become a more effective writer, a more perceptive reader, and a more precise thinker, an understanding of English sentence structure is indispensable.This book shows you how to begin. Using clear and engaging examples from English, it introduces the basic concepts of syntactic structure to readers with no background in linguistics.Starting with simple, familiar phrases, and progressing to more complex sentences, it builds on what we already intuitively know, to provide a step-by-step account of why we understand these examples as we do.It then shows how that understanding can be applied to writing, helping us to avoid some of the common hallmarks of 'bad writing', such as ambiguity, redundancy, and vagueness.A unique and valuable resource, this book will enrich your understanding of English in ways that will make you a more effective user of the language.Publisher's note: The e-book edition of this title, like the print editions, contains color.For those e-reader devices and applications that cannot display color, the color material is available in pdf format as an online resource: www.cambridge.org/Freidin

    Price: 28.99 £ | Shipping*: 0.00 £
  • Syntax in the Treetops
    Syntax in the Treetops


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  • Where is the error in the syntax? An unexpected PHPBlade syntax element is being displayed.

    The error in the syntax is likely due to a mismatch or incorrect use of PHPBlade syntax elements. This could be caused by missing or misplaced opening or closing tags, incorrect use of variables or functions within the PHPBlade syntax, or using PHPBlade syntax within a non-PHPBlade file. To fix the error, carefully review the PHPBlade syntax being used and ensure that it follows the correct format and is used in the appropriate context. Additionally, check for any typos or missing characters that may be causing the unexpected display of PHPBlade syntax elements.

  • How can I learn C syntax?

    To learn C syntax, you can start by reading a good book on C programming, such as "The C Programming Language" by Brian Kernighan and Dennis Ritchie. You can also find online tutorials and resources that provide a comprehensive overview of C syntax, including variables, data types, operators, control structures, functions, and pointers. Additionally, practicing writing and debugging C code will help you become familiar with the syntax and its usage. Finally, joining a programming community or forum can provide you with opportunities to ask questions and learn from others who are experienced in C programming.

  • Can one speak of hypotactic syntax?

    Yes, one can speak of hypotactic syntax. Hypotactic syntax refers to a sentence structure where clauses are connected in a hierarchical manner, with one clause serving as the main clause and the others as subordinate clauses. This type of syntax is commonly used in complex sentences to show relationships between ideas and to provide additional information. Hypotactic syntax is an important aspect of grammar and is used in various languages to create more sophisticated and nuanced expressions.

  • Can you reproduce the syntax tree?

    As an AI language model, I can certainly help you understand and generate a syntax tree for a given sentence or phrase. However, I cannot physically reproduce a syntax tree in the traditional sense, as I do not have the ability to draw or create visual representations. I can, however, provide a verbal or written description of the syntax tree and explain its structure and components. If you have a specific sentence or phrase in mind, feel free to share it with me and I can help you analyze its syntax.

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